The Melbourne Film Festival's Pride and Prejudice
Original
[info]sych
After reading about the hacking of the Melbourne International Film Festival's website in The Age last week, I went looking on Baidu News for some news on the subject. The site had only been hacked a few hours earlier, so most of the articles I found only stated that the site had been hacked, probably by Chinese hackers, and replaced with a Chinese flag and some slogans in English.

Digging a little deeper I found an opinion piece published in the forum section of the Eastday website, originally from Xinhuanet, which I've translated below.

The Melbourne Film Festival's Pride and Prejudice



Source: Xinhua Net
(http://news.xinhuanet.com/comments/2009-07/26/content_11770538.htm)
Author: Feng Chuangzhi

26/7/2009, 10:43am

In order to protest against the 28th Melbourne International Film Festival for screening and publicising an "East Turkistan" separatist documentary film, Chinese directors Jia Zhangke, Zhao Liang and Hong Kong (China) director Tang Xiao have, of their own accord, withdrawn all films that were to be screened in the Melbourne International Film Festival in mid August. The films withdrawn include Perfect Life directed by Tang Xiaobai, Cry Me a River directed by Jia Zhangke, and Petition, directed by Zhao Liang. People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) member and noted director Feng Xiaoning said angrily: "The Melbourne organising committee's actions are undoubtedly an open provocation."

In withdrawing the films from screening, Jia Zhangke, Zhao Liang and Tang Xiaobai represent the protest of the Chinese people against the "pride and prejudice" of the Melbourne Film Festival.

In the Western arts world there are those who often attack Chinese art productions for propagating mainstream values, whilst they on the other hand bring politics into their own artistic activities. These people not only flood their artistic activities with their own personal prejudice and ignorance, politically they also subvert the ideologies of other countries, openly trampling upon human rights and supporting terrorist influences. Some "elites" of the West have absolutely no understanding of the history, current situation or the truth of events in other countries. Their interest is in remaking other countries according to their own values, and humiliating other ethnic groups. In order to realise their political goals, they have no misgivings about whether their actions trample upon human rights or support terrorism. The Melbourne Film Festival is simply a small Australian film festival with no world standing. But their elaborate plan to take advantage of political events in order to expand their festival's influence goes to show that some Western artists will stop at nothing to enhance their own name and interests.

Under the pretence of the so-called "universal values" of "democracy, freedom, equality and fraternity", the West has long posed as "defender of human rights". Taking up a cloak of "culture", it attacks and stifles China and other countries with values different to its own. Anyone who protests or who refuses to submit to their rule is subject to their wanton mud-slinging and slander. The withdrawal of films by these Chinese directors expresses the rightful dissatisfaction against this hypocrisy and prejudice.

In the eyes of all Chinese people of all ethnicities, people like Rebiya Kadeer seek to split the country and plot terrorist activities. Allowing a person like Kadeer to freely walk Melbourne is equal and no different to a country recognising the legitimacy of a "terrorist group". In 2005, the United Nations Security Council unanimously passed resolution 1624, strongly condemning actions that incite terrorism, and renouncing any attempt to defend or eulogise terrorist acts, further pointing out that these actions serve to incite further terrorist acts. Why is it, then, that the Melbourne International Film Festival turns a blind eye, and so enthusiastically exalts Kadeer, a woman who incites violent terror? This can only mean that the West judges with double standards. The West harbours a hidden resentment of the completely unified territory of China and its daily advancing prosperity, and constantly seeks to throw China's stable unity into disarray by propping-up these influences.

The economic and cultural fronts of Western society echo one another, and so Western society backs-up Rebiya Kadeer. But the Chinese people will not be afraid, as the schemes of people like Rebiya Kadeer cannot prevail. The decision of Chinese directors to withdraw all their films from the Melbourne International Film Festival in mid-August is a just and righteous act. This act also serves to demonstrate the Chinese people's integrity and resoluteness.


Click here for the original text in Chinese )

Please note: I'm not a professional translator. This translation will contain errors.

Explanations:

Xinhuanet: Xinhuanet is the website of China's official news agency, the Xinhua (literally "New China") News Agency.

East Turkistan: "East Turkistan" is a name used by those who support independence for China's north-western Xinjiang (in Chinese literally "New Frontier") autonomous region.

Quotation Marks: When reporting on concepts or entities that the Chinese government doesn't recognise, Chinese news generally makes use of enclosing quotation marks ("") around the terms it doesn't agree with. Hence mainland Chinese news refers to the Taiwanese "President" or the Taiwanese "Ministry of Health", because the Chinese government does not consider Taiwan to be a country. Hence we also see here "East Turkistan" placed inside quotation marks. It seems to me as though this use of quotation marks may serve as a subtle form of ridicule, but that's only my own feeling.

Pride and Prejudice: I've seen this term used before when talking about why the iPhone is not yet available in China. The article's charge was (mainly) that it was because of the "pride and prejudice" of Apple and Steve Jobs. I can only presume that somewhere along the line Chinese writers and/or media picked up the term from the title of the book and started using it in news articles.

Translating Chinese News: "Chinese steel enterprise trade secrets discovered in Rio Tinto computers"
Original
[info]sych
Having studied a whole year of Chinese Journalistic Reading (中文报刊阅读) and almost as much News Listening Comprehension (新闻听力)... I thought maybe I'd try putting it to use to see what the Chinese Press are saying about the Rio Tinto / Hu Stern "Corporate Espionage" case. The results: there's a LOT more information and opinion on the matter to be had in the Chinese language Chinese press than there is in the English Language press - Australian, Chinese, or otherwise. I thought it might be interesting to attempt translating a piece or two.

After I showed an opinion piece from the SMH to a Chinese friend as an example of the Australian perspective, he recommended I read the this article to see a Chinese point of view. I've translated it into English below. Comments and corrections welcome.

Trade Secrets of dozens of Chinese steel enterprises discovered in Rio Tinto computers


Rio Tinto "spygate" scandal could drag in two other mining giants.
13/07/2009: According to insiders familiar with the matter, data relating to dozens of steel enterprises having long term contracts and agreements with Rio Tinto has been discovered hidden on computers seized by authorities from Rio's Shanghai office. The data involved relates to steel enterprises' detailed purchase plans, production schedules and raw material stocks. The data even includes explicit details on the monthly production volumes and sales activities of one or more large-scale steel enterprises.

"[Rio Tinto] knows Chinese steel mills like the back of their own hands", the source said. "The miners understand the steel producers' businesses better than even the producers' own bosses."

Operation of "Inside Sources" not a secret


According to reports, the computers seized by police contain detailed analysis of technologies and methods employed by Chinese steel enterprises, and extremely accurate data on production variables. "[The data] does not seem to have been arrived at by conjecture", says the source.

According to those within the industry, "the mining companies' understanding of the behind-the-scenes operation of steel companies may in a large part come from steel company employees responsible for particular parts of business operations." Taking as an example the the case of Tan Yixin {assistant to the General Manager of Shougang Group}, insiders say that although he and Rio Tinto Shanghai Office General Manager Hu Stern had a very good personal relationship, information revealed by Mr Tan to Mr Hu for the most part only included a few particulars of iron ore negotiations. They say that Mr Tan would not have risked himself by providing detailed production information to Mr Stern. Insiders say the information was more likely obtained through staff working in departments responsible for the operation of various parts of the steel enterprises' business.

Senior steel industry figures say that mining company recruitment often emphasises "experience working in large-scale steel production enterprises". This means that many mining company employees are originally personnel from the high levels of Chinese steel enterprises, and are therefore extremely familiar with the enterprises' operations. Even the most recent production and sales information is easily accessible to them through personal connections. "It is certainly quite possible that the mining companies' understanding of the steel producers is obtained through these types of inside sources", industry figures say.

A quick search of Hu Stern's itinerary shows he and his colleagues would carry out on-site inspections at steel mills almost every month. The inspections did not just include industry magnates Baosteel, Shougang and Laigang, but also included visits small and medium sized steel producers, including to Xinsteel, Ping Xiang, and Jingye.

"Hu Stern's appearances were in order to establish high-level relationships. Detailed information was then collected by his colleagues at the lower levels", say staff members at Hebei Iron & Steel Group. According to staff members, mining company representatives would make visits almost every month. Telephone calls were even more frequent, coming at least once a week. According to industry insiders, "personal connections" between mining and steel production companies were very close. Apart from the usual "kickbacks", mining company personnel would also give gifts to steel company counterparts at Chinese New Year and other festivals. "Gifts were not only given at high levels, even those responsible for work at the mid-levels of the company received gifts."

Three Mining Giants "in the same pair of trousers"?


Even if the current case against Rio Tinto does not further expand, there are already a variety of signs to indicate that the other two of the "three mining giants" most likely found it difficult to operate independently, and exclusively in their own interests.

"From the perspective of transaction motivators, the "three mining giants" have a union of common interest. For Rio Tinto, it would not have been worthwhile taking on the risks whilst allowing the other two sit back and enjoy the benefits. Therefore I believe that 'Spygate' could yet drag in BHP and Vale (CVRD)." OCN {a Chinese investment consultant} head of energy research Jiang Xu believes that "inside information" and bribery have become the "hidden rules" of the steel industry. Suspicion that Rio Tinto has been caught using these "hidden rules" to its own advantage does not eliminate the possibility that BHP and Vale also copied these methods in their own deals.

BHP's large-scale entertainment of guests from Chinese enterprises - including large steel enterprises - during last year's Olympic Games previously attracted large-scale controversy. What BHP termed "building personal ties" has been criticised as commercial bribery.

According to industry insiders, "even though negotiations take place separately, the mining companies all make contact with each other in advance." In previous rounds of iron-ore initial price negotiations, when an agreement is reached with any of the iron ore producers it becomes the initial iron ore price for the current year, and the remaining producers follow suit under the same terms and conditions. In reality, this ties the three mining giants together as a single interest group.

"As soon as searches are made, [BHP and Vale] will be unable to escape implication", Steel Authority personnel told this reporter on 13 July. The only remaining question is when will the Chinese side get involved.


Click here for the original text in Chinese )

Disclaimer: I'm not a professional translator. This translation will contain errors.

Short Essay: MP3: Invention and Development
Original
[info]sych
I wrote this recently for my elementary Chinese writing class. The task was to write approx. 400 characters about the invention of something.

Comments & assistance welcome.


MP3: 发明和发展

MP3是一种数字音频压缩格式,在1992年,由来自荷兰Ven Derkhof、德国Stoll、法国Dehery和德国Brandenburg的音频工程师集体发明的。MP3全称“动态影像专家压缩标准音频层面三”(英文:“Motion Picture Experts Group Audio Layer 3”),本来是编码VCD和数字视频使用的,不过早在1994年已经成为了一种独立的数字音频格式。

MP3技术能够将普通的数字音频文件压缩成原有文件大小的10%。上世纪九十年代,个人电脑硬盘的存储量比较小,而当时的电脑网络比较慢,因此,这种很有效的压缩技术受到了欢迎,并且很快就成了互联网上最流行的音频文件格式。

九十年代后期,MP3技术在互联网以及个人电脑上已经很普遍了,但这些很流行的MP3文件只能使用电脑软件播放。在这种情况下,一些公司开始发展便携式的MP3播放器了。据了解,其中最早上市的是韩国SaeHan公司的MPMan便携式MP3播放器,1997出的。从此,便携式MP3播放器发展地很快,现在有很多的品牌都制造各种各样的便携式MP3播放器。其中不能不提的是美国苹果电脑公司的iPod,由2001年上市,现在变成了世界上最流行的MP3播放器。

到目前为止,MP3技术已经有15年的历史了。虽然现在已经有了比MP3更新的数字音频文件格式,但是MP3还是最常用的。有了世界上数不尽的MP3播放器和MP3文件,MP3还是有很长的前途。


(Acknowledgments: Information from en.Wikipedia and Baidu Baike (who ripped it from Wikipedia). Some terms/vocab also taken from Baike.)

Kevin Rudd addresses Hu Jintao in Mandarin
Original
[info]sych
http://www.news.com.au/story/0,23599,22373556-2,00.html

For a while now, I've been wanting to hear how good (or otherwise) Kevin Rudd's Mandarin is. It's only a short clip, but he seems quite good in these few sentences.

His accent doesn't sound quite "Chinese" enough to me, but I don't have a whole lot of exposures to different Chinese accents to I'm not sure how good/bad/otherwise it is. As far as I can tell he pronounces everything quite well.

He says:

胡主席先生,
Hu Zhuxi Xiansheng
Mr. President Hu,

您在我们的国家是我们最尊敬的客人。
nin zai women de guojia shi women zui zunjing de keren.
you are the most honourable guest in our country.

希望您能够休息一下
Xiwang nin nenggou xiuxi yixia,
I hope you will be able to take a rest,

看我们美丽的地方,
kan women meili de difang,
visit our beautiful places,

看我们好看的风景,
kan women haokan de fengjing
see our nice scenery,

以及我们美丽的城市。
yiji women meili de chengshi.
and our beautiful city.


Apparently a little later he had a fair bit more to say, but I haven't been able to find a recording or transcript of that.

If anyone reading knows where to find a more complete recording or transcript, please let me know :)

I have a couple of questions for those who know Chinese better than me:

Chiefly, should he have been a little more modest? For example, I would have thought "ben guojia" would be more appropriate than "women de guojia", and that the following sentence (meili de ... haokan de ... ) might be considered a little boastful.

Also, have I translated "zui zunjing de" correctly as "the most honourable", or would "a most honourable" be more appropriate? I think the latter would be closer to Kevin Rudd's intended meaning, because I think to say "you are the most honourable guest in our country" (compared to the other leaders that are here at the moment) would be a bit of a diplomatic no-no.

(2nds thoughts: A less awkward translation might be "you are our country's most honourable guest")

Xie xie :)

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